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| + | ====== How to Check If Your Doctor Is Registered With the NMC ====== | ||
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| + | {{ : | ||
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| + | <WRAP center round info 95%> | ||
| + | **Quick Reply:** Step-by-step guide to verify any doctor' | ||
| + | </ | ||
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| + | <WRAP emround box 80%> | ||
| + | **About this article — Expertise, Experience, Authoritativeness, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ^ Field ^ Detail ^ | ||
| + | | **Reviewed by** | Dr. Shrawan Kumar Pathak, [[about: | ||
| + | | **Expertise** | Medical registration law (NMC Act 2019), Right to Information Act 2005, medical council complaint procedures | | ||
| + | | **Primary sources** | [[https:// | ||
| + | | **Last reviewed** | 2026-07-11 | | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Any person who treats you as a doctor in India must be enrolled in a State Register or the National Register of medical practitioners. You can check this yourself, free, in about three minutes, by searching the Indian Medical Register on the National Medical Commission website using the doctor' | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Short on time?** Go straight to [[# | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== The three minute check ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | - Pick up the prescription, | ||
| + | - Open the Indian Medical Register search page on the NMC website: [[https:// | ||
| + | - Search by **Registration Number** if you have it. This is the reliable field. Searching by **Doctor Name** alone returns many similar names and is easy to misread. | ||
| + | - Match three things at once: the name, the **Year of Registration**, | ||
| + | - Separately check the NMC's disciplinary list at [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | The search page accepts four fields: Doctor Name, Registration Number, Year of Registration, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Why the register has two names ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | This confuses almost everyone, so it is worth thirty seconds. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The **National Medical Commission Act, 2019** calls it the **National Register**. The NMC's public website publishes it as the **Indian Medical Register**. They refer to the same statutory record of licensed medical practitioners. Older doctors registered before the digital rollout may sit in the **State Register** maintained by their State Medical Council, and their entry may not yet have been mirrored into the national database. That is the single most common innocent reason a genuine doctor does not show up. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== What the law actually requires ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Section 31 of the NMC Act, 2019 puts three duties in place that work in your favour as a patient. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Section 31 sub-section 1: the Ethics and Medical Registration Board maintains a National Register with the **name, address, and all recognised qualifications** of every licensed medical practitioner. | ||
| + | * Section 31 sub-section 4: the National Register **is a public document** within the meaning of section 74 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. You do not need anyone' | ||
| + | * Section 31 sub-section 5: the National Register **shall be made available to the public** by placing it on the website of the Ethics and Medical Registration Board. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Section 34, headed **Bar to practice**, is the provision that gives the check its teeth. It says that no person other than one enrolled in the State Register or the National Register shall be allowed to practice medicine as a qualified medical practitioner, | ||
| + | |||
| + | Section 34 sub-section 2 sets the penalty for contravening that section: **imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or fine which may extend to five lakh rupees, or both**. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Read those two together and the practical meaning is simple. An unregistered person cannot lawfully sign the fitness certificate your employer demands, or the medical certificate an insurer wants, and cannot stand in court as a medical expert. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Red flags, and what each one actually means ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ^ What you notice ^ How worried to be ^ What to do next ^ | ||
| + | | No registration number anywhere on the prescription or board | Moderate | Ask for it in writing. Registered doctors give it without fuss. | | ||
| + | | Number given, but no entry in the register | Moderate | Could be a pre-digital State Register entry. File the RTI below with the State Medical Council. | | ||
| + | | Name matches but the State Medical Council does not | Low to moderate | Doctors do transfer registration between states. Ask which council holds the current entry. | | ||
| + | | Refuses to share a registration number at all | High | Do not accept a certificate or consent to a procedure. | | ||
| + | | Registered, but listed on the NMC disciplinary page | High | Registration alone is not a clean record. Read the order. | | ||
| + | | Claims a foreign degree and no Indian registration | High | A foreign qualification does not by itself permit practice in India. | | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== When the register does not show your doctor ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Do not jump to a police complaint. Work through it in order. | ||
| + | |||
| + | - Re-search using **only** the registration number, with no other field filled in. Extra fields narrow the query and hide valid results. | ||
| + | - Try the year of registration one year either side. Data-entry slips are common. | ||
| + | - Ask the clinic, in writing, for the doctor' | ||
| + | - If the entry still does not surface, the State Medical Council is the body that holds the original State Register. It is a public authority, so you can ask it directly under the Right to Information Act, 2005. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== The RTI that settles it ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Send this to the Public Information Officer of the relevant State Medical Council. Registration entries are not personal information exempt under [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Sample application under section 6 of the Right to Information Act, 2005 | ||
| + | |||
| + | To: The Public Information Officer, [name] State Medical Council | ||
| + | |||
| + | 1. Please state whether Dr. [full name], stated registration number | ||
| + | | ||
| + | this Council under section 31 of the National Medical Commission | ||
| + | Act, 2019. | ||
| + | 2. Please provide the date of first registration and the recognised | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 3. Please state whether any disciplinary proceeding or order is | ||
| + | | ||
| + | | ||
| + | 4. Please state whether the said entry has been transmitted to the | ||
| + | | ||
| + | of the said Act, and if not, the reason. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Fee of rupees ten is enclosed. I am not seeking any third party personal | ||
| + | information beyond what section 31 of the said Act declares to be a | ||
| + | public document. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Draft and format it with the [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== A worked example ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Kashvi Pathak' | ||
| + | |||
| + | What the search also did was give her the correct spelling of the surgeon' | ||
| + | |||
| + | The point of the check is rarely to expose a fraud. It is to convert a stranger into a person with a verifiable public record before you hand over your body or your money. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== If you find an unregistered practitioner ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Section 34 makes practising without enrolment an offence. Two routes exist, and they are not alternatives, | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **Complain to the State Medical Council** that covers the district. Attach the prescription, | ||
| + | * **Complain to the police**, because section 34(2) carries imprisonment up to one year or a fine up to five lakh rupees, or both. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Note one limit before you expect a quick prosecution: | ||
| + | |||
| + | If the unregistered practice has caused harm, the situation may also involve [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== How does the National Medical Register differ from the old MCI register? ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Before the NMC Act, 2019 came into force, the Medical Council of India (MCI) maintained the Indian Medical Register under the Indian Medical Council Act, 1956. The NMC Act repealed the MCI and replaced it with four autonomous boards: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * The **Ethics and Medical Registration Board (EMRB)** — maintains the National Register | ||
| + | * The **Undergraduate Medical Education Board (UGMEB)** | ||
| + | * The **Postgraduate Medical Education Board (PGMEB)** | ||
| + | * The **Medical Assessment and Rating Board (MARB)** | ||
| + | |||
| + | The old MCI register data was migrated into the new National Register, but some entries — particularly those of doctors who retired, passed away, or failed to renew before the transition — may not have carried over cleanly. If a senior doctor who has been practising for decades does not appear in the online search, the most likely reason is a legacy data gap, not fraud. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, which oversees the NMC, published details of the transition on [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | For related regulatory changes since the NMC Act, see our coverage of [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Can a doctor with a foreign degree practice in India without NMC registration? | ||
| + | |||
| + | No. A foreign medical qualification does not, by itself, authorise a person to practise modern medicine in India. The pathway is: | ||
| + | |||
| + | - The doctor must have obtained the primary medical qualification from an institution listed in the **World Directory of Medical Schools** (WDOMS). | ||
| + | - The doctor must pass the **Foreign Medical Graduates Examination (FMGE)**, conducted by the National Board of Examinations. Our [[/ | ||
| + | - After passing the FMGE, the doctor must register with a State Medical Council, which then transmits the entry to the National Register. | ||
| + | - Only after State registration is complete does the person acquire the right to practise under section 34 of the NMC Act. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A doctor who claims a foreign degree but cannot show an FMGE pass certificate and an Indian State Medical Council registration number is **not lawfully permitted to practise**, regardless of how impressive the foreign qualification sounds. You can verify the FMGE qualification by asking the State Medical Council under RTI whether the FMGE pass certificate was submitted at the time of registration. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== What is the difference between allopathic and AYUSH registration? | ||
| + | |||
| + | This is one of the most misunderstood areas of medical registration in India. The National Medical Commission register covers only practitioners of **modern (allopathic) medicine**. Each Indian system of medicine has its own separate council and register: | ||
| + | |||
| + | ^ System of medicine ^ Register / Council ^ What the practitioner can do ^ What they cannot do ^ | ||
| + | | **Modern medicine (allopathic)** | National Register (NMC) / State Medical Councils | Prescribe allopathic medicines, perform surgery, sign fitness certificates | Cannot be verified through AYUSH registers | | ||
| + | | **Ayurveda** | Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM) / State AYUSH councils | Practise Ayurveda, prescribe Ayurvedic medicines | Cannot legally prescribe allopathic medicines (varies by state rules — see note below) | | ||
| + | | **Homoeopathy** | Central Council of Homoeopathy (CCH) / State homoeopathy councils | Practise homoeopathy | Cannot sign fitness certificates for allopathic purposes | | ||
| + | | **Unani** | CCIM / State AYUSH councils | Practise Unani medicine | Same limits as Ayurveda | | ||
| + | | **Siddha** | CCIM / State AYUSH councils | Practise Siddha medicine (primarily South India) | Same limits as Ayurveda | | ||
| + | | **Sowa-Rigpa** | CCIM / State AYUSH councils | Practise Sowa-Rigpa (Himalayan regions) | Same limits as Ayurveda | | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP alert> | ||
| + | **Critical pitfall:** A BAMS or BHMS degree does not authorise the practitioner to prescribe allopathic medicines or perform allopathic surgery in most states. Several states have granted **limited** allopathic prescribing rights to AYUSH practitioners through specific notifications (for example, in rural health settings), but this varies widely by state and is subject to ongoing litigation. If a practitioner with an AYUSH qualification is prescribing allopathic medicines, verify whether your state has issued a specific notification permitting this — and never assume it is allowed by default. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | If you are consulting an Ayurvedic or homoeopathic practitioner, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== How do State Medical Councils and the NMC share registration data? ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Under section 31(6) of the NMC Act, every State Medical Council must maintain its own State Register and regularly transmit that data to the Ethics and Medical Registration Board for inclusion in the National Register. In practice, this data synchronisation is imperfect: | ||
| + | |||
| + | ^ Aspect ^ NMC National Register ^ State Medical Council Register ^ | ||
| + | | **Coverage** | Aggregated from all states | Only doctors registered in that specific state | | ||
| + | | **Update frequency** | Depends on when states transmit data | Updated in real time at the state level | | ||
| + | | **Historical records** | May have gaps for pre-digital entries | Holds the original physical records | | ||
| + | | **Search reliability** | Good for recent registrations (post-2020) | Better for older registrations | | ||
| + | | **Disciplinary orders** | Mirrored from state councils, may lag | Holds the original disciplinary order | | ||
| + | | **RTI jurisdiction** | NMC is the public authority | State council is the public authority | | ||
| + | |||
| + | This is why the recommended approach is **two-stage**: | ||
| + | |||
| + | If you are also investigating the hospital or clinic itself — not just the doctor — read our guides on [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== What information can you legally obtain about a doctor through RTI? ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Because the National Register is declared a **public document** under section 31(4) of the NMC Act (read with section 74 of the Indian Evidence Act), the following information about any registered doctor is **not exempt** under the RTI Act: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Name, address, and recognised medical qualifications | ||
| + | * Registration number and date of first registration | ||
| + | * The State Medical Council that holds the current entry | ||
| + | * Whether the registration is active, suspended, or revoked | ||
| + | * The existence and operative part of any disciplinary order | ||
| + | |||
| + | What you **cannot** obtain through RTI about a doctor: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * The doctor' | ||
| + | * The full text of a pending investigation before it concludes (exempt under section 8(1)(h)) | ||
| + | * Cabinet papers and internal advisory notes not yet acted upon (exempt under section 8(1)(i)) | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP tip> | ||
| + | **Key takeaway:** Registration status, qualifications, | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | For more on how PIOs handle — and sometimes evade — personal information claims, read our analysis of [[blog: | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Can you verify a medical college' | ||
| + | |||
| + | Yes, and you should. Just as doctors must be registered, medical colleges must be **recognised** by the NMC to confer valid degrees. A degree from an unrecognised college is not a recognised medical qualification, | ||
| + | |||
| + | The NMC publishes a list of recognised medical colleges on its website. For a complete guide to verifying medical college approval — including how to check recognition status, seat sanctions, and course approvals — see our [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== What other medical fraud red flags should patients watch for? ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Fake doctors are just one type of medical fraud in India. Patients should be aware of the full spectrum: | ||
| + | |||
| + | ^ Fraud type ^ What to look for ^ Where to verify ^ Related RTI Wiki guide ^ | ||
| + | | **Fake doctor / unregistered practice** | No registration number, not in NMC search | NMC Indian Medical Register | This article | | ||
| + | | **Fake or substandard medicines** | Packaging inconsistencies, | ||
| + | | **Fake diagnostic lab reports** | Reports that look photocopied, | ||
| + | | **Hospital licence fraud** | Clinic operating without a Clinical Establishment registration | State health department | [[/ | ||
| + | | **Fake health insurance claims** | Hospital billing for services not rendered | Insurer + TPA | [[/ | ||
| + | | **Ayushman Bharat fraud** | Hospital not on PM-JAY panel but collecting " | ||
| + | | **Fake medical admission** | College not recognised by NMC but admitting MBBS students | NMC recognised college list | [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | Each of these has a different complaint venue, and RTI can be used at every stage to obtain the records you need. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Frequently Asked Questions ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Is the Indian Medical Register the same as the National Register? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | In substance, yes. The NMC Act, 2019 uses the term National Register in section 31. The Commission publishes the searchable database to the public as the Indian Medical Register. If a doctor is genuinely licensed, the entry should be traceable through that public search or through the State Register held by the State Medical Council. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== My doctor is not in the online search. Is he a fake? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Not necessarily, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Can an unregistered person sign my fitness certificate? | ||
| + | |||
| + | No. Section 34(1)(c) expressly bars anyone not enrolled in the State Register or the National Register from signing or authenticating a medical or fitness certificate required by law. A certificate signed by an unregistered person is worth nothing to the employer or insurer who asked for it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Does registration mean the doctor has a clean record? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | No, and this is the trap. Registration proves enrolment, not good standing. A doctor can be on the register and simultaneously subject to a disciplinary order. Check the NMC disciplinary list separately at [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Will the State Medical Council refuse my RTI as personal information? | ||
| + | |||
| + | It should not. Section 31(4) of the NMC Act declares the National Register a public document within the meaning of section 74 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, and section 31(5) requires it to be published on the Board' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== What does a BAMS or BHMS registration allow? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The National Medical Commission register covers practitioners of modern medicine. Ayurveda, homoeopathy, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== How much does the RTI cost? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Ten rupees for the application to a State Medical Council, in the manner that state' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Can I file the RTI online? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | If the State Medical Council is a central public authority, you can file through the [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== What if the doctor has transferred registration between states? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Doctors can and do transfer their registration from one State Medical Council to another. The NMC search should show the current state. If it does not, ask the doctor which council currently holds the entry, and verify that directly with the council under RTI. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Can a registered doctor be prosecuted for medical negligence? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Yes. Registration under the NMC Act does not immunise a doctor from criminal prosecution for medical negligence, consumer court claims for compensation, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== How long does it take for a disciplinary order to appear on the NMC website? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | There is no statutory deadline for the NMC to mirror a State Medical Council' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Can I check if a hospital or clinic is properly licensed? ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Yes. Under the Clinical Establishments (Registration and Regulation) Act, 2010, clinical establishments must be registered with the state government. You can verify this through RTI to the state health department. See our [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Next steps ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Run the register search before the appointment, | ||
| + | |||
| + | For the wider method of turning a stonewalling public authority into a written record, read [[/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Sources ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * The National Medical Commission Act, 2019, sections 28, 31, 34 and 54: [[https:// | ||
| + | * Indian Medical Register search: [[https:// | ||
| + | * NMC list of blacklisted doctors: [[https:// | ||
| + | * NMC Code of Medical Ethics Regulations, | ||
| + | * Ministry of Health and Family Welfare: [[https:// | ||
| + | * MoHFW Medical Education division: [[https:// | ||
| + | * RTI Online portal (central public authorities): | ||
| + | * Press Information Bureau (government health policy releases): [[https:// | ||
| + | * The Right to Information Act, 2005: [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | //Reviewed by Dr. Shrawan Kumar Pathak, [[about: | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{tag> | ||