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| + | ====== Stray dog menace — RTI to Municipal Veterinary Officer ====== | ||
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| + | <WRAP center round info 95%> | ||
| + | **Quick Reply:** RTI to Municipal Veterinary Officer under ABC Rules 2023 for sterilisation, | ||
| + | </ | ||
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| + | <WRAP info> | ||
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| + | ===== The story most citizens recognise ===== | ||
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| + | Sunita lives in Ward 14 of a Class-II city in Maharashtra. For six months the street outside her building has become a stray-dog hotspot. The pack has grown from four dogs to eleven. Two children and a food-delivery rider were bitten in May 2026; one old dog in the lane has begun snapping at shadows and drooling — the classic signs the municipal vet later confirmed as a suspected rabies case. No sterilisation van has been seen in the locality for over a year. None of the dogs carries the ' | ||
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| + | Sunita is not alone. India recorded **37,17,336 dog-bite cases in 2024**, according to National Rabies Control Program data placed before the Lok Sabha on 22 July 2025. Human rabies deaths rose to **180 in 2024**, up from 121 in 2023 and 22 in 2022. Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh reported the highest death counts. The World Health Organization estimates India carries about **36 per cent of the global rabies burden** — roughly 18,000 to 20,000 deaths a year, most of them unreported. | ||
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| + | The dogs are real. The bites are real. What is missing is the **paper trail** — the simple municipal record that says: how many dogs were sterilised in this ward, when, by whom, at what cost, and what happened to the complaints the residents filed. That paper trail is your right under the Right to Information Act, 2005. This guide shows you exactly how to get it, using only verified facts about the law as it stands in 2026. | ||
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| + | ===== What the stray-dog management framework actually is ===== | ||
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| + | Stray-dog management in India is governed by two layers of law. The parent Act is the **Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PCA) Act, 1960**. The operational rules are the **Animal Birth Control (Dog) Rules, 2023**, notified on **10 March 2023** as G.S.R. 193(E) by the **Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying / Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying (DAHD)**. The 2023 Rules supersede the older ABC (Dog) Rules, 2001. | ||
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| + | The single most important thing to know: the legal method for stray-dog management is **Capture-Sterilise-Vaccinate-Release (CSVR)**. Killing or relocating stray dogs is **prohibited**, | ||
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| + | The rules place the legal responsibility squarely on the **local authority** — your Municipal Corporation, | ||
| + | |||
| + | - **Rule 5** — no Animal Birth Control programme may be run without a Certificate of Project Recognition from the **Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI)**. If a local authority fails to apply for recognition within six months, it must discontinue its ABC programme. | ||
| + | - **Rule 8** — the local authority is responsible for deworming, immunisation and sterilisation of **street** animals (the owner is responsible for **pet** animals). The local authority may engage a recognised **Animal Welfare Organisation (AWO)** to do the work. | ||
| + | - **Rule 9** — a three-tier monitoring structure: a Central ABC Monitoring and Coordination Committee, a State ABC Implementation and Monitoring Committee, and a **Local ABC Monitoring Committee** at every local authority. The Local Committee is chaired ex-officio by the Municipal Commissioner or Executive Officer. | ||
| + | - **Rule 10(3)** — the Local Committee must meet **at least once a month**, collect dog-bite data from hospitals, conduct a dog census, and target sterilisation of **at least 70 per cent** of dogs in each area. | ||
| + | - **Rule 11** — humane capture only (tongs and wire nooses are prohibited); | ||
| + | - **Rules 12-13** — daily capture/ | ||
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| + | The **Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI)** is the oversight body. Since the 17 June 2019 Cabinet Secretariat transfer, AWBI sits under the **Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying** (earlier it was under the Ministry of Environment, | ||
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| + | <WRAP tip> | ||
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| + | ===== How the stray-dog management process works — so you know what to ask for ===== | ||
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| + | To file a sharp RTI, you need to know how the process is supposed to run. The ABC programme in your ward should work like this: | ||
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| + | - The Municipal Corporation obtains (or is supposed to obtain) a **Certificate of Project Recognition** from AWBI under Rule 5. | ||
| + | - It engages one or more **AWBI-recognised Animal Welfare Organisations** to catch, sterilise, vaccinate and release dogs. | ||
| + | - Each dog is captured humanely, taken to a kennel, operated on, given anti-rabies vaccine, ear-notched with a ' | ||
| + | - The local authority maintains a **sterilisation register**, a **vaccination register**, a **complaint register**, and daily capture/ | ||
| + | - The **Local ABC Monitoring Committee** meets at least once a month, reviews these records, tracks dog-bite data from local hospitals, and sends a monthly report upward; an annual report goes to AWBI by 31 May. | ||
| + | - Central financial assistance flows at **Rs.800 per dog and Rs.600 per cat** to SPCAs and local bodies, with a one-time grant of **Rs.2 crore** for State veterinary hospitals. | ||
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| + | Every one of these steps generates a paper record. That paper record is what you ask for in your RTI. If the records do not exist, that itself is the answer — it proves the local authority is not running the ABC programme the law requires. | ||
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| + | ===== The 2026 update you must know about ===== | ||
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| + | Two things have changed recently that directly affect your RTI. | ||
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| + | **First, the Supreme Court order of 7 November 2025.** A bench of Justices Sanjay Karol, Ahsanuddin Amanullah and Augustine George Christi issued directions in the suo-moto matter "City Hounded by Strays, Kids Pay Price." | ||
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| + | - **Sterilised dogs are to be released back into the same locality**, in line with the ABC Rules, 2023 — except rabid or genuinely aggressive dogs. | ||
| + | - Stray dogs are to be **removed from institutional areas** — schools, hospitals, sports complexes, railway stations and bus stands — with **no release-back** there. | ||
| + | - The NHAI was directed to remove cattle and stray animals from highways. | ||
| + | - The directions extend to **all States and Union Territories**. | ||
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| + | The matter is listed for further hearing. The practical point: do **not** ask your municipality to " | ||
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| + | **Second, the 21 July 2025 joint advisory.** The Ministries of Urban Affairs, Panchayati Raj, and Animal Husbandry jointly wrote to all Chief Secretaries on stray-dog management, flagged the rising bite numbers, and reiterated CSVR compliance. This advisory is useful context to attach to your RTI — it shows the Centre has put State governments on notice. | ||
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| + | ===== Step-by-step: | ||
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| + | You will usually file **one application** to the local authority — the Municipal Corporation, | ||
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| + | **Step 1 — Identify the public authority.** | ||
| + | - **Primary (local):** The Public Information Officer, Office of the Municipal Veterinary Officer, [Your City] Municipal Corporation / Municipality / Gram Panchayat. Mark a copy to the **Local ABC Monitoring Committee**. | ||
| + | - **Oversight (Central): | ||
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| + | **Step 2 — Prepare your questions.** Ask for specific, dated records tied to rule numbers. Five strong sample questions: | ||
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| + | - **Sterilisation register:** " | ||
| + | - **Vaccination register:** " | ||
| + | - **Complaint-action register:** " | ||
| + | - **NGO list and payments:** " | ||
| + | - **Monitoring Committee: | ||
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| + | **Step 3 — Use the right form and fee.** A municipality is a **State** public authority, so your State RTI Rules apply. Most States (Maharashtra, | ||
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| + | **Step 4 — Submit and keep proof.** File by hand at the PIO's office and take a stamped receiving copy, or send by registered post and keep the acknowledgement, | ||
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| + | **Step 5 — Wait 30 days.** The PIO must reply within **30 days** under **Section 7(1)** of the RTI Act. If a **rabid or aggressive dog has been identified** and life or liberty is at risk, the reply is due in **48 hours** — say so explicitly in your application and cite Section 7(1). | ||
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| + | ===== The escalation ladder if you get no answer ===== | ||
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| + | RTI is powerful because it has a built-in ladder. If the Municipal Veterinary Officer ignores you or gives a vague reply, you do not stop there. | ||
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| + | - **First appeal:** If no reply comes within 30 days (or you are unhappy with the reply), file a **First Appeal** under **Section 19(1)** with the designated First Appellate Authority in the same Municipal Corporation. Do this within 30 days of the expiry of the reply period. The FAA must decide within 30 days (extendable to 45). Use the **First Appeal tool** at https:// | ||
| + | - **Second appeal / complaint: | ||
| + | - **Penalty and compensation: | ||
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| + | The **PIO reply checker** at https:// | ||
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| + | <WRAP note> | ||
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| + | ===== Documents to attach ===== | ||
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| + | - A copy of any complaint you earlier made to the municipal veterinary office or ward office (with its dated acknowledgement), | ||
| + | - Photographs of dog-bite injuries, the un-notched dogs, or the suspected rabid dog — attach as annexure, not as the body of the RTI. | ||
| + | - The Indian Postal Order for Rs.10 (or the online payment receipt), drawn in favour of the Accounts Officer of the municipal body. | ||
| + | - A BPL certificate if you are claiming the fee exemption. | ||
| + | - A copy of the 21 July 2025 joint advisory and the ABC (Dog) Rules, 2023 notification (optional but useful — it signals you know the law). | ||
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| + | ===== Common mistakes to avoid ===== | ||
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| + | - **Asking the municipality to " | ||
| + | - **Filing only at the ward office.** Ward offices implement but often do not hold the sterilisation register or the NGO-payment records. File at the **Municipal Veterinary Officer / municipal headquarters PIO** and, if needed, a second application to **AWBI**. | ||
| + | - **Asking vague questions.** "Give me details of stray dog control" | ||
| + | - **Forgetting Section 4(1)(b) suo motu disclosure.** The CIC has held that ABC records must be **proactively published**. If your municipal body has not put them on its website, your RTI forces compliance — mention Section 4(1)(b) in the application. | ||
| + | - **Missing the 48-hour life-liberty window.** If a rabid dog has been identified in your lane, say so in the application and invoke **Section 7(1)** (48-hour reply where life or liberty is at risk). Otherwise you will wait the full 30 days. | ||
| + | - **Skipping the First Appeal.** Most applicants give up after a bad first reply. The First Appeal is free, fast, and is where most withheld records actually come out. | ||
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| + | ===== Real-life example ===== | ||
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| + | <WRAP center round box> | ||
| + | **Akshay Kumar Malhotra, Delhi.** In December 2022, Akshay Kumar Malhotra filed an RTI to the **Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD)** with 29 points on stray-dog management — sterilisation data, vaccination records, payments to NGOs, contracts with Animal Welfare Organisations, | ||
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| + | In **June 2025**, Information Commissioner Vinod Kumar Tiwari at the Central Information Commission found the MCD guilty of " | ||
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| + | **Total cost to the applicant: | ||
| + | </ | ||
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| + | ===== Sample RTI letter ===== | ||
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| + | < | ||
| + | To | ||
| + | The Public Information Officer | ||
| + | Office of the Municipal Veterinary Officer | ||
| + | [Your City] Municipal Corporation / Municipality | ||
| + | [City, Pincode] | ||
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| + | Date: [DD/ | ||
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| + | Subject: Application under Section 6(1) of the Right to Information Act, 2005 — | ||
| + | Animal Birth Control programme records for [Ward name/ | ||
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| + | Sir/Madam, | ||
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| + | Under Section 6(1) of the RTI Act, 2005, I, [Name], resident of [Full address], seek the following information concerning the Animal Birth Control (Dog) programme in [Ward name/ | ||
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| + | 1. Furnish the sterilisation register for [Ward] for the last 12 months under Rule 11 and Rule 12 of the ABC (Dog) Rules, 2023 — date, time and place of capture and release of each dog, geo-tags, and ear-notch details. | ||
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| + | 2. Furnish the anti-rabies vaccination register for [Ward] for the last 12 months under Rule 8 and Rule 11 — number of dogs vaccinated, vaccine batch numbers, and dates. | ||
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| + | 3. Furnish all complaints received regarding stray dogs in [Ward] for the last 12 months and the action-taken report on each, as required under Section 4(1)(b) of the RTI Act, 2005. | ||
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| + | 4. Furnish the list of AWBI-recognised Animal Welfare Organisations engaged by the Corporation for ABC in [Ward], with copies of contracts, recognition certificates, | ||
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| + | 5. Furnish the constitution, | ||
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| + | As required under Section 10 of the RTI Act, 2005, I do not propose to use the information to the detriment of any third party. | ||
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| + | If a rabid or aggressive dog has been identified in the locality and life or liberty is at risk, I request a reply within 48 hours under Section 7(1) of the RTI Act, 2005; otherwise, I request the information within 30 days as mandated by Section 7(1). | ||
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| + | The fee of Rs.10 is paid herewith by Indian Postal Order No. [____] dated [____] drawn in favour of the Accounts Officer, [Your City] Municipal Corporation. | ||
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| + | In case the information is denied, I may be provided the opportunity to file a First Appeal under Section 19(1) of the RTI Act, 2005. The details of the First Appellate Authority may kindly be furnished. | ||
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| + | Yours faithfully, | ||
| + | [Name] | ||
| + | [Full address] | ||
| + | [Phone / email] | ||
| + | </ | ||
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| + | ===== Frequently asked questions ===== | ||
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| + | ==== Who is the correct PIO for a stray-dog RTI — the municipality or AWBI? ==== | ||
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| + | For ward-level records (sterilisation register, vaccination register, complaint-action register, NGO payments for your ward), the correct PIO is the **Municipal Veterinary Officer** of your Municipal Corporation, | ||
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| + | ==== Can I ask the municipality to remove all stray dogs from my street? ==== | ||
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| + | No. The ABC (Dog) Rules, 2023 and the Supreme Court order of 7 November 2025 require **sterilise-vaccinate-release-back** at the same location for ordinary streets. Removal without release-back applies only to **institutional areas** — schools, hospitals, sports complexes, railway stations and bus stands. Asking for blanket removal lets the PIO reject the premise; ask for the records that show whether the ABC programme is being run correctly instead. | ||
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| + | ==== Is there a 48-hour reply option for a rabid dog? ==== | ||
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| + | Yes. **Section 7(1)** of the RTI Act requires a reply within **48 hours** where the information sought concerns the **life or liberty** of a person. If a rabid or genuinely aggressive dog has been identified in your locality, state this explicitly in your application and invoke Section 7(1). Attach any veterinary or medical confirmation you have. Otherwise, the standard 30-day clock applies. | ||
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| + | ==== What fee do I pay, and how? ==== | ||
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| + | A municipality is a State public authority, so your **State RTI Rules** apply. Most States charge **Rs.10**; a few differ. The safe default is an **Indian Postal Order for Rs.10** in favour of the **Accounts Officer** of the municipal body. Below-Poverty-Line applicants are exempt from the fee on production of a BPL certificate. If your State has an online RTI portal, you can pay by net banking, card or UPI. The Central **rtionline.gov.in** portal cannot file to a State municipality. | ||
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| + | ==== What if the Municipal Veterinary Officer does not reply? ==== | ||
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| + | File a **First Appeal** under **Section 19(1)** with the First Appellate Authority of the same municipal body within 30 days of the expiry of the reply period. If the FAA also fails, file a **Second Appeal under Section 19(3)** or a **complaint under Section 18** with your **State Information Commission**. Under **Section 20**, the Commission can impose a penalty of up to **Rs.25, | ||
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| + | ==== Are ABC records covered under Section 4(1)(b) suo motu disclosure? ==== | ||
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| + | Yes. The Central Information Commission has specifically held that ABC programme records — sterilisation and vaccination data, payments to NGOs, contracts with AWOs, monitoring committee details, shelter/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Can I use this RTI to support a dog-bite compensation claim? ==== | ||
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| + | Yes. The records you obtain — the sterilisation and vaccination register, the complaint-action register showing your earlier complaint was ignored, and the Local Monitoring Committee minutes showing the 70-per-cent target was not met — form the documentary base for a civil compensation claim against the municipal body and for any criminal complaint where the bite involved a rabid dog. RTI is the cheapest way to build that evidence file. | ||
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| + | ==== What about cattle menace on the same street? ==== | ||
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| + | Cattle on public roads are governed by municipal cattle-pound byelaws and the PCA Act, 1960. The same municipal PIO can be asked for the cattle-impound register, the number of cattle seized from your ward, and the fine realised. The 7 November 2025 Supreme Court order also directed the NHAI to remove cattle and stray animals from highways — useful to cite for highway-adjacent wards. For animal-vaccination scheme records, see [[cattle-vaccination-animal-health-scheme-benefit-not-received]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Do I need a lawyer to file this? ==== | ||
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| + | No. The RTI Act is designed for citizens to use directly. The sample letter above, the rule numbers, and the fee are all you need. The [[rti-for-beginners]] guide walks through the basics, and the **AI RTI draft tool** at https:// | ||
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| + | ===== Sources ===== | ||
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| + | - Animal Birth Control (Dog) Rules, 2023 — G.S.R. 193(E), notified 10 March 2023, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying: [dahd.gov.in](https:// | ||
| + | - Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 (Section 11(3)(b), Section 38): [indiankanoon.org](https:// | ||
| + | - AWBI — Implementation of Animal Birth Control Rules, 2023 (circular dated 1 October 2024): [awbi.gov.in](https:// | ||
| + | - Animal Welfare Board of India — constitution and contact: [awbi.gov.in](https:// | ||
| + | - Animal Welfare Board of India v. People for Elimination of Stray Troubles, SLP(C) No. 691 of 2009 — Supreme Court order dated 18 November 2015: [sci.gov.in](https:// | ||
| + | - Supreme Court order dated 7 November 2025 in "City Hounded by Strays, Kids Pay Price" (2025/ | ||
| + | - CIC order, June 2025, IC Vinod Kumar Tiwari — Akshay Kumar Malhotra v. MCD (Rs.25,000 penalty, Rs.10,000 compensation): | ||
| + | - Mahajit Singh v. Animal Welfare Board of India, CIC/ | ||
| + | - Lok Sabha reply, 22 July 2025 — 37,17,336 dog-bite cases in 2024 and 54 suspected rabies deaths: [thehindu.com](https:// | ||
| + | - Animal Husbandry Ministry reply, 5 August 2025 — 180 human rabies deaths in 2024: [thehindu.com](https:// | ||
| + | - Joint advisory dated 21 July 2025 — Ministries of Urban Affairs, Panchayati Raj and Animal Husbandry on stray-dog management; Central assistance Rs.800/dog, Rs.600/cat, Rs.2 crore one-time grant: [thehindu.com](https:// | ||
| + | - AWBI online Cruelty Complaint portal: [awbi.gov.in](https:// | ||
| + | - Central RTI online portal: [rtionline.gov.in](https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Related on RTI Wiki ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | - [[rti-for-beginners]] | ||
| + | - [[rti-fees-by-state]] | ||
| + | - [[rti-for-encroachment-action]] | ||
| + | - [[rti-for-municipal-tax-receipt]] | ||
| + | - [[municipal-stop-work-demolition-notice-home-renovation]] | ||
| + | - [[occupancy-certificate-application-delayed-municipal-office]] | ||
| + | - [[cattle-vaccination-animal-health-scheme-benefit-not-received]] | ||
| + | - [[livestock-insurance-claim-rejected-animal-death]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | //Last reviewed: 4 July 2026.// | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{tag> | ||