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| + | {{htmlmetatags> | ||
| + | metatag-title=Employer Not Depositing PF? RTI and Section 7A | ||
| + | metatag-keywords=(rti for epf non deposit, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ====== Employer Not Depositing PF? RTI and Section 7A ====== | ||
| + | {{ : | ||
| + | |||
| + | //Last reviewed: 1 September 2026.// | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP center round info 95%> | ||
| + | **Quick Reply:** Employer is deducting PF from your salary but not depositing it with EPFO? File a free RTI to RPFC, trigger a §7A inquiry, and recover your money with 12% interest. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP info> | ||
| + | **Plain-English summary.** If your salary slip shows a PF deduction every month but your UAN passbook keeps showing zero (or the same balance for months), your employer is most likely **collecting your PF and not handing it over to EPFO**. This is illegal — and a free RTI to the EPFO Regional Office (RPFC) where your employer is registered will force them to investigate, | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== An illustrative case — " | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP center round box 80%> | ||
| + | //An illustrative case (not a named person). A 31-year-old marketing executive joined a midsize software company in October 2024. Her salary slip every month showed a PF deduction of ₹4,200 (employee share) and an equal employer contribution. Her UAN passbook never updated. HR said "EPFO portal issue, will be fixed." | ||
| + | |||
| + | > "By April 2025 I was sure something was wrong. I asked HR for the ECR (the monthly challan EPFO needs). They never sent it. The CFO stopped taking my calls. I resigned in March 2025. My final settlement showed PF deductions till the last day — but my UAN balance was still ₹0. I filed an RTI to the PIO at the RPFC office covering my employer on 14 April 2025 with one postal order of ₹10. Reply came on 9 May. It said in writing: ' | ||
| + | |||
| + | — an illustrative account | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | This is depressingly common: thousands of establishments default on their monthly ECR filings every quarter. The good news: the EPF & MP Act 1952 gives RPFCs the power to act fast — but they only act when a member raises a formal complaint. RTI is the cleanest, fastest way to put your case on file. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Why an RTI works (when EPFiGMS and HR don't) ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | You may have already tried EPFO's grievance portal (**EPFiGMS** — epfigms.gov.in), | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **EPFiGMS: | ||
| + | * **Toll-free 1800-118-005: | ||
| + | * **HR:** has every reason to lie or stall — non-deposit is often deliberate, sometimes used as a short-term loan to the company by the promoter. | ||
| + | * **RTI:** the PIO at the RPFC office **must** give you a written reply with reasons in 30 days. The reply itself becomes evidence. Worse — it triggers an internal alert: a member has filed an RTI flagging non-deposit, | ||
| + | |||
| + | In short: an RTI converts your complaint from a customer-service ticket into a **legal record** that the RPFC must answer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== The 7 steps, in order ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 1 — Confirm the non-deposit on the EPFO passbook ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Before filing, get hard proof. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Open https:// | ||
| + | * Log in with your UAN + OTP. | ||
| + | * Download the year-wise passbook PDF. | ||
| + | * Match it month-by-month against your salary slips. | ||
| + | |||
| + | You will usually see one of these red flags: | ||
| + | * **" | ||
| + | * **No row at all** for recent months → ECR not filed for the establishment. | ||
| + | * **Balance frozen** at the same number for 3+ months → contributions stopped. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Save screenshots and the PDF. Attach them to your RTI as proof. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 2 — Find the right RPFC office ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The PF account is held at the **Regional Provident Fund Commissioner (RPFC)** office covering your **employer' | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Open https:// | ||
| + | * Go to **" | ||
| + | * The first letters of your **establishment ID** (visible on UAN dashboard, e.g., " | ||
| + | * Note the full postal address — that is where the RTI goes. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Larger states have **Sub-Regional Offices (SROs)** as well. Either RO or SRO is fine — they will internally route. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 3 — Identify the PIO ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | At every RPFC office, the **Public Information Officer (PIO)** by default is the **Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner (APFC)**. The First Appellate Authority is the **Regional Provident Fund Commissioner (RPFC)**. You don't need their personal name — the title is enough. | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | The Public Information Officer | ||
| + | (Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner) | ||
| + | Regional Office of EPFO, [office name] | ||
| + | [full postal address] | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 4 — Pay the ₹10 fee ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Same as any RTI: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **Indian Postal Order (IPO)** for ₹10 in favour of " | ||
| + | * **Court fee stamp** ₹10 (some states only). | ||
| + | * **Demand Draft** ₹10 (overkill but allowed). | ||
| + | * **Cash** if you walk in physically. | ||
| + | |||
| + | If you are **BPL**, the fee is waived — attach a copy of your ration card. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 5 — Write the RTI (use this exact template) ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Be **specific, factual, and ask for the things only EPFO can confirm** — ECR filing status, last challan date, employer compliance history, action taken/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | [Your full name] | ||
| + | [Your address] | ||
| + | [Phone] · [Email] | ||
| + | [Date] | ||
| + | |||
| + | To, | ||
| + | The Public Information Officer | ||
| + | (Assistant Provident Fund Commissioner) | ||
| + | Regional Office of EPFO, [city] | ||
| + | [postal address] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Subject: RTI application under §6(1), RTI Act 2005 — non-deposit of EPF contribution by my employer | ||
| + | |||
| + | Sir/Madam, | ||
| + | |||
| + | I am a member of the Employees' | ||
| + | |||
| + | UAN: [12-digit UAN] | ||
| + | Member ID / Establishment ID: [as on EPFO portal, e.g., GNGGN1234567000] | ||
| + | Name as per EPF record: [name] | ||
| + | Employer name: [registered name of company] | ||
| + | Employer address: [registered address] | ||
| + | Period of grievance: [DD-MM-YYYY] to [DD-MM-YYYY] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Information sought: | ||
| + | |||
| + | 1. The dates and amounts of all Electronic Challan-cum-Return (ECR) filings made by the above establishment for the period mentioned, with the share-wise break-up (employee + employer) credited against my UAN. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 2. The list of months during the above period for which the establishment has **not filed any ECR** for me. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 3. Whether any deficiency or default notice has been issued to the establishment under §7A of the EPF & MP Act 1952, and if yes, the date and outcome. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 4. The current compliance status of the establishment — whether it is marked as a **Defaulter** under the EPFO Defaulters list, and the total dues outstanding. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 5. The name and designation of the **Enforcement Officer / Compliance Officer** assigned to this establishment. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 6. The action that the office has taken or proposes to take on receipt of this application, | ||
| + | (a) initiation of inquiry under §7A, | ||
| + | (b) levy of interest under §7Q (12% per annum), | ||
| + | (c) levy of damages under §14B (up to 25% per annum), | ||
| + | (d) recovery proceedings under §8, | ||
| + | (e) prosecution under §14 of the Act and/or BNS §316 for criminal breach of trust. | ||
| + | |||
| + | 7. A copy of the deficiency memo, if any, served on the employer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Fee: I enclose Indian Postal Order No. [number] dated [date] for ₹10 in favour of " | ||
| + | |||
| + | I declare that I am a citizen of India. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Thank you, | ||
| + | |||
| + | [Signature] | ||
| + | [Name] | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 6 — Send by Registered Post AD ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Always use **Registered Post with Acknowledgement Due (AD)** — about ₹40-60. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Take application + IPO + screenshots of UAN passbook + 2-3 sample salary slips to the post office. | ||
| + | * Ask for " | ||
| + | * Keep the receipt — your dated proof of filing. | ||
| + | * The pink AD card returns in 7-10 days, signed by RPFC office. | ||
| + | |||
| + | You can also hand-deliver and demand a stamped acknowledgement on a duplicate copy. Either is valid under §6(1). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Step 7 — Track the deadline + start parallel routes ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The 30-day clock runs from the **date of receipt** at the office (the AD card date), not the posting date. | ||
| + | |||
| + | While you wait, also do these in parallel — they don't replace the RTI but they speed things up: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **EPFiGMS** — file at https:// | ||
| + | * **EPFO toll-free 1800-118-005** — log a complaint, note the ticket number. | ||
| + | * **State Labour Commissioner** — file a written complaint citing non-payment under EPF & MP Act §6 (mandatory employer contribution). | ||
| + | * **Your bank** — keep the salary credit statements (showing PF deduction) safe; you will need them in §7A hearing. | ||
| + | |||
| + | If the PIO is silent on **Day 31**, that is **§7(2) deemed refusal** — file a free **First Appeal** at once. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== What happens after the RTI lands — the §7A inquiry ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The RTI reply usually moves your case from " | ||
| + | |||
| + | - **Compliance Officer** visits / writes to the employer asking for the ECR explanation. | ||
| + | - If the employer can't justify the gap, **§7A inquiry** is opened. Notice is issued; both sides are heard. | ||
| + | - Once non-deposit is established, | ||
| + | * **principal dues** (your share + employer share, month-wise), | ||
| + | * **interest under §7Q** at **12% per annum** from the month of default, | ||
| + | * **damages under §14B** up to **25% per annum** of the dues (rate varies with delay length — 5% for <2 months, up to 25% for >6 months). | ||
| + | - The order is enforceable as an arrears of land revenue under **§8** — the RPFC can attach the employer' | ||
| + | - In willful cases the **Enforcement Wing files an FIR** under **BNS §316 (criminal breach of trust)** — imprisonment plus fine. Employer' | ||
| + | |||
| + | This is a real legal sequence. It is not a polite request — it is a statutory recovery proceeding triggered by your one-page RTI. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== If they don't reply (or the reply is vague) ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | File a **First Appeal** under **§19(1)** — free, registered post, 30-day clock. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The First Appellate Authority at most RPFC offices is the **Regional Provident Fund Commissioner (RPFC)** himself/ | ||
| + | |||
| + | < | ||
| + | To, | ||
| + | The First Appellate Authority | ||
| + | (Regional Provident Fund Commissioner) | ||
| + | Regional Office of EPFO, [city] | ||
| + | [address] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Subject: First Appeal under §19(1), RTI Act 2005 — non-deposit of EPF by employer | ||
| + | |||
| + | Sir/Madam, | ||
| + | |||
| + | I filed an RTI application dated [original date] (received by your office on [AD date]) seeking information about the non-deposit of EPF by my employer M/s [name]. The 30-day window under §7(1) ended on [day 30]. I have received [no reply / a vague reply not addressing my questions]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | I file this First Appeal under §19(1), RTI Act 2005, and request that the FAA direct the PIO to provide the information sought, and pass any further orders deemed fit including penalty under §20 for the deemed refusal. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Enclosed: (a) copy of original RTI, (b) postal AD acknowledgement, | ||
| + | |||
| + | [Signature] | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | If the FAA also fails within 45 days (the §19(6) cap), file a **Second Appeal** to the **Central Information Commission (CIC)** at https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Common rejection lines (and how to counter them) ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **" | ||
| + | * **" | ||
| + | * **" | ||
| + | * **" | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Parallel — when to file an FIR yourself ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | If your RTI reply confirms non-deposit and the §7A order has been ignored by the employer, you can **directly file an FIR** at the local police station under: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **BNS §316 (criminal breach of trust)** — the deducted amount is property held in trust by the employer, so failure to deposit it is the offence itself. | ||
| + | * **BNS §316 punishment** — imprisonment plus fine (the old IPC §405/§406 pair was merged into this one section from 1 July 2024). | ||
| + | * **EPF & MP Act §14(1A)** — non-payment of employee' | ||
| + | |||
| + | Take the §7A order copy + RTI reply + salary slips to the police. If the police refuse, file a private complaint to the local Magistrate under **CrPC §156(3)** (now **BNSS §175(3)** post-2024). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== FAQs ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Q. My employer says "EPFO portal issue" — should I wait?**\\ | ||
| + | No. EPFO's portal is stable. The phrase is almost always a stall. File the RTI now; the reply will tell you exactly which months no ECR was filed. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Q. My employer has shut down. Can I still recover? | ||
| + | Yes. PF dues get priority over most other debts under **§11**, and recovery can continue against the employer even after it winds up. File the RTI naming the directors. Many promoters open a new firm with a different PAN — EPFO's enforcement wing tracks this. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Q. I'm still working there. Will the employer fire me for filing an RTI?**\\ | ||
| + | The employer will not be told who filed the RTI — the PIO does not name the applicant in any communication to the employer. Internal action will look like a routine compliance audit. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Q. The deduction is shown on the salary slip but the offer letter says "CTC includes PF". Does that change anything? | ||
| + | No. Once the deduction is shown, the amount belongs to you and must be deposited. CTC framing is irrelevant to §6 of the EPF Act. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Q. Can I claim damages personally? | ||
| + | The §14B damages are paid into the EPFO fund (which then credits your account). You also get **§7Q interest** at 12% — paid to your account directly. So yes, you recover principal + interest; damages are a deterrent on the employer. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Q. How long does §7A take?**\\ | ||
| + | Typical timeline: 3-6 months from RTI filing to final §7A order. Recovery can take another 2-4 months. Faster if the employer cooperates; slower if they appeal to the **Central Government Industrial Tribunal (CGIT)** under §7I. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Read more — the deep technical view ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP collapse> | ||
| + | The plain-language guide above is enough for almost every non-deposit case. The section below is for those who want the full statutory map, case law, and §7A procedure — useful if your employer is fighting back, if the PIO has rejected your RTI on a specific exemption, or if you are escalating to the CGIT or High Court. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Statutory framework ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **Right to Information Act, 2005** — §3, §6(1), §7(1), §7(2), §19(1), §19(6), §20. | ||
| + | * **Employees' | ||
| + | * **§6** — mandatory employer contribution; | ||
| + | * **§7A** — power of the Central PF Commissioner / authorised officer (typically RPFC or APFC) to determine **dues** by inquiry. Quasi-judicial. Both sides heard. | ||
| + | * **§7B** — review of §7A orders. | ||
| + | * **§7I** — appeal. The EPF Appellate Tribunal was abolished in 2017; appeals now lie to the notified **Central Government Industrial Tribunal (CGIT)**. | ||
| + | * **§7Q** — interest on dues at **12% per annum** from date of default. | ||
| + | * **§8** — recovery of arrears as **arrears of land revenue**; certificate to Recovery Officer; attachment of bank account, immovable property, machinery. | ||
| + | * **§8B–§8G** — modes of recovery: distraint, sale, arrest of defaulter. | ||
| + | * **§14(1A)** — punishment for default in payment of **employee' | ||
| + | * **§14(1B)** — punishment for other defaults: 6 months to 1 year + fine. | ||
| + | * **§14B** — power to levy **damages** for default — up to 25% of arrears (rate slabs notified): | ||
| + | * Default < 2 months → 5% p.a. | ||
| + | * 2-4 months → 10% p.a. | ||
| + | * 4-6 months → 15% p.a. | ||
| + | * > 6 months → 25% p.a. | ||
| + | * **EPF Scheme 1952** — paragraphs 38 (mode of payment), 76 (offences). | ||
| + | * **Code of Wages 2019** + **Industrial Relations Code 2020** — newer statutes. The four Labour Codes came into force on 21 November 2025, but the EPF & MP Act 1952 has not been repealed, so the §6/ | ||
| + | * **BNS §316** (successor to the old **IPC §405 / §406** from 1 July 2024) — criminal breach of trust. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Key CIC and court rulings ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **//Aditya Bandopadhyay v. CBSE//, (2011) 8 SCC 497** — citizen' | ||
| + | * **// | ||
| + | * **CIC decisions on EPFO compliance records** — members have been held entitled to copies of ECR filings, deficiency memos, and notings on their file. | ||
| + | * **//Food Corporation of India v. Provident Fund Commissioner//, | ||
| + | * **// | ||
| + | * **§7Q of the EPF & MP Act 1952** — interest at 12% per annum runs from the date the defaulted payment fell due, not from the date of any later §7A order. This multiplies recovery in long-default cases. | ||
| + | * **Parallel criminal liability** — criminal prosecution for breach of trust lies even while §7A recovery is ongoing; the civil recovery and the criminal case are independent remedies. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== The §7A inquiry — step-by-step ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | - **Pre-inquiry verification** — Compliance Officer collects ECR records, your salary slips, bank statements showing the deduction. | ||
| + | - **Notice under §7A(1)** — sent to employer giving 15-30 days to file written reply with documents. | ||
| + | - **Hearing** — both sides present documents; you may attend as a witness or be represented. | ||
| + | - **Determination order** — APFC/RPFC computes principal + §7Q interest + §14B damages. | ||
| + | - **Demand notice** — served on the employer stating the time allowed to pay. | ||
| + | - **Recovery under §8** — if unpaid, certificate issued to Recovery Officer; can attach bank account / movable / immovable property. | ||
| + | - **Appeal** — employer can appeal to **EPFAT** (under §7I) within 60 days, must deposit 75% of dues as pre-deposit. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Common §8 exemption claims by EPFO PIOs (and why they fail) ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **§8(1)(d) commercial confidence** — invalid; ECR is a statutory filing, not trade secret. | ||
| + | * **§8(1)(e) fiduciary relationship** — //Aditya Bandopadhyay// | ||
| + | * **§8(1)(j) personal information** — applies only to genuine private-life data, not establishment compliance. | ||
| + | * **§8(1)(h) investigation** — invocable only if there is an actual investigation that disclosure would prejudice; even then, the §8(2) public-interest override still applies. | ||
| + | * **§24** — EPFO is not a §24 exempt organisation. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Penalty mechanics — RTI §20 + EPF §14 ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * **RTI §20(1)** — ₹250/day penalty, max ₹25,000, on PIO personally for unjustified delay. | ||
| + | * **RTI §20(2)** — disciplinary action recommendation. | ||
| + | * **EPF §14(1A)** — 1-3 years jail + ₹10,000 fine on employer for non-deposit of employee' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Cross-references on RTI Wiki ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | * [[: | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Sources ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * EPF & MP Act 1952 (consolidated, | ||
| + | * EPF Scheme 1952 | ||
| + | * EPFO Annual Report 2023-24 (enforcement chapter) | ||
| + | * EPFO Defaulters List, https:// | ||
| + | * CIC orders cited above (cic.gov.in archive) | ||
| + | * RTI Act 2005 (bare act + DPDP 2025 amendment) | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Conclusion ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Your employer holding back your PF is not an accounting glitch — it is a **criminal breach of trust** and an offence under §14(1A) of the EPF Act. The good news: you don't need a lawyer, an agent, or a tout. A ₹10 RTI to the right RPFC office triggers a §7A inquiry, recovers your money with 12% interest plus damages, and can put the promoter behind bars. The member in the illustrative case above got back ₹92,400 in four months. The same path is open to you. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Don' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Related ===== | ||
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| + | * [[https:// | ||
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| + | {{tag> | ||