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—cases:vinubhai-haribhai-malaviya-2019 [2026/06/03 17:01] (current) – created - external edit 127.0.0.1
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 +{{htmlmetatags>metatag-keywords=(Vinubhai Malaviya, Magistrate supervision, §156(3) CrPC, FIR)
 +metatag-description=(Magistrate has continuing supervisory role over investigation. Case: Vinubhai Haribhai Malaviya v. State of Gujarat. RTI Wiki — citizen-first reference.)
 +metatag-title=(Vinubhai Haribhai Malaviya v. State of Gujarat — 2019 — RTI case law)}}
 +====== Vinubhai Haribhai Malaviya v. State of Gujarat ======
 +
 +**Vinubhai Haribhai Malaviya v. State of Gujarat** (Supreme Court of India, 2019-10-16) //(2019) 17 SCC 1// is a ruling on the Right to Information Act, 2005 — Section Magistrate supervision. Magistrate has continuing supervisory role over investigation. The Magistrate has a continuing supervisory role over police investigation under §156(3) and §173(8) CrPC.
 +
 +===== Holding =====
 +
 +Magistrate has continuing supervisory role over investigation.
 +
 +===== Ratio =====
 +
 +The Magistrate has a continuing supervisory role over police investigation under §156(3) and §173(8) CrPC. Further investigation can be ordered even after submission of police report. Useful complement to RTI for FIR-not-registered cases.
 +
 +===== Section(s) applied =====
 +
 +  * Section Magistrate supervision
 +
 +===== Practitioner takeaway =====
 +
 +Magistrate can order further investigation; complements §156(3) jurisdiction.
 +
 +===== Citation =====
 +
 +  * **Citation:** (2019) 17 SCC 1
 +  * **Court:** Supreme Court of India
 +  * **Date:** 2019-10-16
 +  * **Outcome:** disposed
 +  * **Reporter / Cause-list:** (2019) 17 SCC 1
 +
 +
 +===== Why this case matters for citizens =====
 +
 +This ruling is part of the **300+ case-law corpus** at [[:cases|RTI Wiki Case-law Database]]. Every named case sets a precedent that you can cite in your own §19(1) First Appeal or §19(3) Second Appeal. Information Commissions and FAAs are bound to consider properly cited authority.
 +
 +===== Citizen action steps if your own RTI is being refused on similar grounds =====
 +
 +  - **Day 30** — silence by PIO = deemed refusal under §7(2). File §19(1) First Appeal in 30 days using [[https://righttoinformation.wiki/tools/first-appeal-app.html|First Appeal Builder]].
 +  - **Day 60-90** — if FAA also refuses, file §19(3) Second Appeal to the State Information Commission (or CIC for central authorities).
 +  - **Beyond 18 months pending** — writ petition under Article 226 to the High Court.
 +  - **Parallel CPGRAMS complaint** at pgportal.gov.in for service-delivery push.
 +
 +===== Citing this ruling in your appeal =====
 +
 +Use our [[https://righttoinformation.wiki/tools/citation-formatter-app.html|Citation Formatter]] to format the citation correctly. Pair with **Bhagat Singh v. CIC (2007)** (procedural objections) and **Adesh Kumar v. UoI (2014)** (irrelevance is not a ground) — these two Delhi HC rulings cover most everyday refusal scenarios.
 +
 +===== Related landmark RTI rulings =====
 +
 +  * [[:important-decisions:court:cpio-supreme-court-v-subhash-agarwal|CPIO Supreme Court v. Subhash Chandra Agarwal (Constitution Bench)]] — office of CJI is public authority
 +  * [[:important-decisions:court:anjali-bhardwaj-vs-union-of-india|Anjali Bhardwaj v. UoI]] — IC vacancies + transparency
 +  * [[:important-decisions:court:girish-ramchandra-deshpande|Girish Deshpande]] — §8(1)(j) personal information test
 +  * [[:important-decisions:court:bhagat-singh-vs-cic|Bhagat Singh v. CIC]] — procedural compliance
 +  * [[:important-decisions:court:irrelevant-information|Adesh Kumar v. UoI]] — irrelevance is not a ground
 +  * [[:cases|Full case-law database (300+)]]
 +
 +===== Related on RTI Wiki =====
 +
 +  * [[https://righttoinformation.wiki/tools/ai-rti-draft-app.html|AI RTI Drafter]]
 +  * [[https://righttoinformation.wiki/tools/first-appeal-app.html|First Appeal Builder]]
 +  * [[:important-decisions|Master directory of landmark RTI rulings]]
 +  * [[:act|RTI Act, 2005]]
 +
 +===== Original case metadata — Related =====
 +
 +  * [[:cases:search|RTI Case-Law Search — full corpus]]
 +  * [[:pio-faa-knowledge-base|PIO/FAA Knowledge Base]]
 +  * [[:pio-supreme-court-rulings|10 landmark Supreme Court RTI rulings]]
 +  * [[:pio-high-court-rulings|High Court RTI rulings]]
 +  * [[:landmark-cic-decisions|Landmark CIC decisions]]
 +  * [[:act|RTI Act, 2005 — full text]]
 +
 +//Last reviewed: 23 April 2026.// {{tag>rti case-law cases sc 2019}}