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Two Self Occupied Houses: Claim Nil Tax Value in 2025

From the assessment year 2025 to 2026, you can treat up to two self occupied houses as having a nil annual value, which means no notional rent is taxed on them, and you no longer have to prove that you live away from the second house because of your job. Any reason for not occupying it now qualifies.

Quick answer: The Finance Act 2025 amended Section 23(2) of the Income Tax Act so that a house has nil annual value if the owner occupies it or cannot actually occupy it for any reason. You can still claim this for a maximum of two houses. Earlier the second, unoccupied house qualified only if you lived elsewhere for work or business. From AY 2025-26 that condition is gone, so a second house kept empty for any reason is nil, not deemed let out.

Before and after, on a real second house

Take a person who owns two flats, lives in one, and keeps the second in another city empty for family use, not for a job posting. See how the tax on the second flat moves.

Item Before AY 2025-26 From AY 2025-26
First house, self occupied Nil annual value Nil annual value
Second house kept empty for a non work reason Deemed let out, notional rent taxed Nil annual value
Condition to be met for the second house Must be vacant due to employment or business elsewhere Any reason accepted

Before the change, if your reason for the empty second house was not a job or business posting, the law treated it as deemed let out and taxed a notional rent on it. Now the second house is simply nil, within the two house limit.

What exactly changed

Two things are worth separating, so you frame this correctly.

This applies from 1 April 2025, that is, from the assessment year 2025 to 2026.

The limit still stands at two

The relief is generous but bounded. Keep the cap in mind.

  1. Up to two houses can be nil. You choose which two of your self occupied houses are treated as nil value.
  2. A third house is deemed let out. If you own more than two houses for your own use, the extra ones are treated as let out and a notional rent is taxed on them, after the standard deduction.
  3. Actually rented houses are unaffected. A house you genuinely let out is taxed on its real rent as before. This change is only about houses you keep for your own use.

How to claim it when you file

You apply this in the house property schedule of your income tax return.

If you are weighing the old and new tax regimes, read the Section 87A rebate under the new regime. To frame a written query to the tax department, The RTI Playbook is a useful companion.

Real-life example. Kashvi Pathak owns a flat in Pune where she lives and a small flat in her home town that she keeps for visits, not for any job posting. Until AY 2024-25, because her reason was not employment elsewhere, the home town flat was deemed let out and a notional rent was added to her income, raising her tax. From AY 2025-26 she claims both flats as self occupied with nil annual value, so the notional rent disappears. She still claims the home loan interest on the home town flat within the allowed limit.

Frequently asked questions

How many houses can I show as self occupied with nil value?

Up to two. You choose which two of your own use houses are treated as nil annual value. Any house beyond two is deemed let out and taxed on a notional rent.

What is the actual change made in Budget 2025?

The Finance Act 2025 amended Section 23(2) so a house is nil value if the owner occupies it or cannot actually occupy it for any reason. Earlier the second house qualified only if you lived elsewhere for work or business.

From which year does this apply?

From the assessment year 2025 to 2026, that is, income earned in the financial year 2024 to 2025 onward, following the Finance Act 2025.

Was I not already allowed two self occupied houses?

The two house benefit has existed since AY 2020-21. What changed in 2025 is that the second house no longer needs an employment or business reason to be treated as nil. Any reason now qualifies.

What happens if I own three houses for my own use?

Two can be treated as nil annual value. The third is deemed let out, and a notional rent, reduced by the standard deduction, is added to your income.

Can I still claim home loan interest on a nil value house?

Yes. A self occupied house has nil annual value, but you can still claim the home loan interest deduction on it up to the limit allowed for self occupied property.

Does this help under the new tax regime?

The nil annual value treatment for two self occupied houses applies in computing house property income. How much it helps depends on your overall regime choice and deductions, so compare both regimes before you file.

What is deemed let out property?

When you own more houses for your own use than the law allows to be nil, the extra houses are treated as if let out, and a notional or expected rent is taxed on them even if no rent is actually received.

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